Resistance means opposition or opposing power. Every matter in this world has a resistance property in nature. Reactance and Impedance are also defined as Resistance. In this article, let us see the difference between resistance, reactance, and impedance.
Resistance, Reactance, and Impedance are the parameters of the electrical components or circuit. The symbol for resistance is R. Symbol for reactance is L. Symbol for Impedance is Z.
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Resistance
Resistance is a property of a resistor or is a natural property present in every matter. Resistance in an electrical circuit is defined as " it is the property of a resistor which opposes the flow of current in the circuit ". It is represented as R. Unit of resistance is ohms.
Reactance
Reactance is the resistance offered by the inductor and capacitor. It is represented as X. Unit of reactance is ohms.
- XL is an Inductive Reactance ( resistance offered by an inductor ).
- XC is a Capacitive Reactance ( resistance offered by a capacitor ).
- Total reactance is the difference between XL and XC is X = XL - XC.
- Inductive reactance is small at low frequency and large at high frequency.
- Capacitive reactance is large at low frequency and small at high frequency.
- The reciprocal of reactance is Suceptance. Reciprocal of Suceptance is Conductance which is the reciprocal of resistance.
Impedance
Impedance is total resistance or opposition to the flow of A.C. current in an electric circuit. Impedance occurs only in the A.C. circuit. It is represented as Z. Unit of impedance is ohms. The reciprocal of impedance is admittance ( Y ).
Z ( Impedance ) = Resistance + Reactance
Difference between Resistance and Impedance
Impedance occurs only in the A.C system and does not occur in the D.C system but, resistance occurs in both the A.C and D.C system.
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